Red Blood Cell Minerals
- Calcium Ca
- Chromium Cr
- Copper Cu
- Magnesium Mg
- Manganese Mn
- Molybdenum Mo
- Potassium K
- SeleniumSe
- Vanadium V
- ZincZn
- Myriad cell regulatory effects
- Insulin target cell binding
- Derar Pathways
- ATP energy transfer
- Biosynthetic pathways
- Xanthine oxidase
- Neuromuscular function
- Antioxidant protection
- Cholesterol, triglycerides
- Cofactor for numerous enzymes
- 400-800 mg/d
- 200-400 mg/d
- 3-5 mg/d
- 200-400 mg/d
- 5-15 mg/d
- 1-5 mg/d
- Fresh fruit & veg.
- 1-5 mg/d
- 1-5 mg/d
- 5-20 mg/d
Calcium (Ca)
Erythrocyte calcium is associated with the etiology of heart disease and stroke, as evidenced by correlation with erythrocyte morphological changes in ischemic vascular disease. Intracellular calcium content plays an important role in the induction of blood pressure elevation. Total erythrocyte calcium is elevated in hypertension and in postnatal hypoxic-ishemic encephalopathy. Calcium levels in erythrocytes are not an accurate measure of calcium nutritional status because there are strong mechanisms maintaining the critical intracellular calcium concentrations independent of the total body calcium regulation exerted by parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, etc.